— RESURFACE YOUR SKIN

Chemical Peels

Sun, skin disorders, ageing and even heredity can all contribute to skin irregularities on the face and elsewhere on the body. These include textural irregularities like wrinkles and acne scars, pigmentation changes like freckles and sunspots, or visible blood vessels. Chemical peels can be divided into superficial peels, and medium chemical peels. Superficial chemical peels have no downtime, is safe, quick and offer great results. Superficial peels can be done any time of the year, and on any skin type and colour, and are also safe during pregnancy. Medium peels are recommended if you have more severe sun damage, or pigmentation and need more dramatic results. Medium peels can be done during autumn and winter, and only on lighter skin types.

Chemical Peels

What is a Chemical Peel?

A chemical peel solution is applied to the skin to help stimulate the cell turnover, enhancing collagen production. This loosens the outer layer of the skin to peel off the affected areas. Chemical Peels are used as treatment of some skin disorders and to refresh and rejuvenate skin. Chemical peels can be performed on face, neck, back and hands. Leaves skin less wrinkled and smoother. Chemical peels are the most performed non-invasive cosmetic treatments that improve overall of skin texture.

Examples of Peeling Agents

Superficial Peels

Medium Peels

Deep Peels

Solutions containing concentrations of 20% up to 70% of acid are used:

  • Trichloracetic acid (TCA)
  • Jessner’s solution
  • Salicylic acid
  • Phenol
  • Alpha hydroxy acids (AHA)

Penetrating only the epidermis (Depth = 0.45 mm):

  • Injury is limited to the stratum corneum.
  • Creates exfoliation only.
  • Can be used to treatment a variety of conditions, including:
    • acne, melasma, dyschromias, post inflammatory pigmentation, photodamage, and actinic keratosis.
  • Examples: AHAs, Salicylic acid, Jessner peels, 10-15% TCA

Penetrating to the papillary dermis (Depth = 0.6 mm):

  • Injury through the entire epidermis and papillary dermis. First day: epidermal necrosis + papillary dermal edema + lymphocytic infiltrate. Next 3 months: increased collagen production
  • May be used for dyschromias, multiple solar keratosis, superficial scars, and pigmentary disorders

Affecting reticular dermis (Depth = 0.8 mm):

  • Injury through the papillary dermis, into the upper-reticular dermis and may extend to mid-reticular dermis.
  • May be used for severe photoaging, deep wrinkles, or scars.

How it Works

A chemical peel is the process of applying chemicals to the skin with the intention of causing exfoliation, destruction, and/or inflammation of the skin in a controlled fashion. Dissolve the bonds between the cells by using the enzymes and acids. Used properly, the chemical peel has the potential to be an important therapeutic tool for the dermatologist. Successful outcomes are based on a careful patient selection as well as appropriate use of specific peeling agents.

This allows dead cells to be removed gradually, leaving behind a layer of smoother and softer skin. It works by stimulating new growth of skin and collagen by decreasing the bond that holds dead skin cells on the surface. It also stimulates the process of cell renewal among all layers, to reveal fresher, healthier cells. Depending on peel depth, the skin heals in 1 – 5 days.

The skin looks and feels normal within a few hours to a day. Serial chemical peeling with fortnightly intervals, allow excellent results.

Variables Determining the Depth of a Peel

Potential Complications

Complications

  • Peeling agent
  • Concentration of a peeling agent
  • Layers of the agent applied
  • Application technique
  • Prepping of the skin
  • Location of the peel
  • Patient skin type
  • Pigmentation – hypo or hyper more likely to occur in patient Fitzpatrick IV – VI (Darker skin types)
  • Prolonged erythema – is common for deeper peels or combination peels.
  • Milia
  • Prominence of telangiectasis
  • Scaring or keloid formation – common for very deep peels

Although rare, it is possible to get the following skin infections:

  • Herpes simplex virus outbreak
  • Streptococcus/Staphylococcus infection
  • Candida infection
  • Psedomonas infection

Realistic Goals

  • Can correct sun damage.
  • Reduce mild scaring.
  • Reduce wrinkles.
  • Remove blackheads.
  • Improve acne.
  • Improve melasma.
  • Improve uneven texture.

Unrealistic Goals

  • Can not remove keloids scars.
  • Can not remove blood vessels on the skin.
  • Chemical peels are not face lifts.

People who should NOT consider chemical peels

  • People who are pregnant
  • People who are breastfeeding
  • People who have active herpetic lesions
  • People who have allergies to ingredients found in peels
  • People who have had Isotretinoin therapy within the last 6 months
  • Discontinue use of vitamin A & its derivatives 5 days prior to and after treatment 

Relative Contraindications of Peels

  • History of scarring
  • History of delayed wound healing
  • History of recent facelift operation
  • History of topical radiation therapy

 

Therefore, always consult with an experienced dermatologist FIRST, before embarking upon a chemical peel.

Basic steps when having a chemical peel done

A) Pre-peel
  • Stop Retinoids

B) Cleanse face
  • Remove excess sebum and cell debris
  • Degrease with an an alcohol-free cleanser

C) Apply peel
Leave on for a variable amount of time depending on:
  • The concentration of that chemical
  • Skin sensitivity
  • End point effects eg frosting

D) Neutralise the peel to prevent unwanted continued effects

E) Moisturiser

F) Sunscreen

Post Peel Instructions

  • Immediately Following Your Peel
    • You may experience stinging, burning, tightness, flaking, and peeling of the skin as it renews itself. These sensations will diminish in a day or two. If swelling occurs, use ice water compresses for 24-48 hours intermittently, as necessary.
    • Your skin is very sensitive: wait a minimum of 12 hours before applying make-up on the treated areas, and you should skip the evening portion of the At-Home Regimen on the day of your peel.

  • For the next 24 hours
    • Wash the treated area very gently, using only the cleanser recommended by your doctor. DO NOT PEEL, PICK, SCRAPE, SCRATCH, or USE A MASK or FACIAL SCRUB on your skin.
    •  Do not use abrasive cloths or exfoliating sponges on any of the treated areas.

  • For The Next Week
    • Excessive sunlight should be avoided for at least one week following a peel and one week prior to your next peel visit.
    • Always use a sunscreen, beginning the day after the peel.
    • If you have any questions or concerns call your doctor.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is there anything that I should do before the procedure?

Please pause the use of any prescription items that are applied to the face at least 2 days prior to your peel. Continue with your cleanser, moisturiser and sunscreen as recommended. 

Can I wax/thread/remove hair while having the peels? 

Yes, between peels you may remove hair in the area to be treated, but avoid having this done for at least a week before and after the peel. 

What is my downtime? 

There is usually no significant downtime. However, some patients may experience peeling/flaking/redness until day 3 or 4. During this time, you can remain productive. 

What is the name/brand of this peel?

We do not use a particular commercial brand or trade name or range of peels. Our peels’ chemicals are formulated by a sterile pharmaceutical laboratory according to Dr Essack’s specifications. 

What if I need to skip a session?

In order to get the best out of your peel treatment, we discourage skipping a session. However, if you are unable to keep your appointment, we usually recommend rescheduling the next appointment later (rather than sooner) than the original date.  

When will I see results?

This varies greatly and depends on many factors: 

  • The condition you are being treated for
  • The chemical being used
  • The concentration of that chemical
  • Your individual healing time

It all depends on what we are treating, but in most cases, you should see results 4 or 5 days after treatment. 

Are chemical peels safe? 

No chemicals applied to the skin is 100% safe and problems may RARELY occur. Overall these are medical and aesthetic-grade peels, but they have been formulated and applied in a way that makes them safe to use. Side effects may occur, for example, Herpes (cold sores, fever blisters), and post-procedure hyperpigmentation (especially with post-peel sun exposure) may occur. Please ask your therapist to elaborate on these PRIOR to the application of the chemicals. 

Will my skin peel off?

Not necessarily, it may and may not. The process varies from a fine, dusty flake/scaling to sheet-like peeling (similar to a bad sunburn). These effects may also not be uniform in the treated areas. For example, peeling may occur in some areas whereas fine flaking may occur in other areas. Each peel chemical and concentration works differently. Your therapist will explain the way your peel is expected to work.

Click here to see what other wrinkle treatments we offer at Skinfinity International.

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